By Men and women experience various medical conditions differently, often due to anatomical, hormonal, and physiological distinctions. These differences are especially pronounced in colorectal and pelvic health, where issues such as pelvic floor problems, colorectal cancer, and other gastrointestinal conditions can manifest in unique ways. For women, understanding these distinctions and seeking specialised care from a female colorectal surgeon and pelvic floor specialist can ensure that treatment is tailored to their specific needs.
Pelvic Floor Problems: More Common in Women
The pelvic floor is a group of muscles that support the pelvic organs, including the bladder, uterus, and rectum in women. These muscles play a crucial role in controlling bowel movements, urination, and sexual function. Due to differences in anatomy and life experiences such as pregnancy and childbirth, women are at a higher risk for developing pelvic floor disorders than men.
- Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Major Factor
Pregnancy and childbirth can weaken the pelvic floor muscles, leading to conditions such as prolapse, incontinence, and chronic pelvic pain. Vaginal deliveries, in particular, can cause significant strain, potentially resulting in pelvic organ prolapse, where the bladder, uterus, or rectum may descend into the vaginal canal. A female colorectal surgeon who specialises in prolapse can provide expert treatment options, from non-surgical interventions like pelvic floor physical therapy to surgical solutions for more severe cases.
- Age-Related Changes
As women age, hormonal changes, especially a decrease in oestrogen during menopause, can further weaken pelvic floor muscles and connective tissues. This can exacerbate symptoms of prolapse or urinary incontinence, making it crucial for women to seek early intervention and guidance on managing these conditions. While pelvic floor disorders are less common in men, they may still occur, typically due to factors such as prostate surgery or chronic straining.
Colorectal Cancer: Different Risks and Symptoms in Men and Women
Colorectal cancer is a significant health concern for both men and women, but there are notable differences in risk factors, symptoms, and outcomes between them.
- Different Symptom Patterns
Research suggests that men are more likely to develop colorectal cancer on the left side of the colon or in the rectum, while women are more prone to right-sided or proximal colon cancers. These differences may affect how the cancer presents itself. For instance, right-sided colon cancers, more common in women, may cause subtle symptoms such as anaemia, fatigue, or weight loss, rather than the more noticeable rectal bleeding often associated with left-sided tumours.
- Hormonal Influences
Oestrogen is believed to play a protective role against colorectal cancer in premenopausal women, possibly explaining why women typically develop colorectal cancer at an older age than men. However, the risk increases post-menopause, making regular screenings like colonoscopies essential for early detection. For women, a colorectal surgeon with a comprehensive understanding of female physiology can offer more personalised screening recommendations and treatment plans.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Other Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Functional gastrointestinal disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), tend to affect women more often than men. The reasons for this are multifaceted, involving hormonal influences, differences in pain perception, and the interaction between the brain and the digestive system.
- Hormonal Cycles and IBS
Women with IBS often report a fluctuation in symptoms that correlates with their menstrual cycle, with symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhoea worsening during menstruation. Hormonal changes related to oestrogen and progesterone may influence gut motility and sensitivity, making women more susceptible to IBS flare-ups. For women experiencing severe symptoms, a multidisciplinary approach involving a colorectal specialist can help manage the condition through dietary modifications, medication, and stress management techniques.
- Chronic Constipation
Chronic constipation is more prevalent in women, often due to slower gastrointestinal transit times, hormonal fluctuations, or pelvic floor dysfunctions such as dyssynergia, where the pelvic floor muscles fail to relax during bowel movements. Seeking specialised care from a colorectal surgeon who understands the nuances of female gastrointestinal health is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Haemorrhoids and Anal Fissures: Female-Specific Considerations
Haemorrhoids and anal fissures are common anorectal conditions that can affect anyone, but certain factors may increase their prevalence or severity in women.
- Pregnancy-Related Strain
During pregnancy, the increased pressure on the pelvic veins and hormonal changes can lead to the development or exacerbation of haemorrhoids. Additionally, the strain during labour can worsen these conditions. Treatment approaches may include dietary recommendations, medication, or minimally invasive procedures to provide relief.
- Anal Fissures Linked to Hormonal Changes
Women may be more prone to anal fissures due to hormonal changes that affect skin elasticity and blood flow, particularly during pregnancy and menopause. A colorectal specialist experienced in treating women can offer tailored management options, including topical treatments, dietary advice, or surgical procedures if necessary.
The Importance of Inclusive Care for All Women
Understanding the medical differences between men and women, especially in colorectal and pelvic health, is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment. Women often benefit from seeing a female colorectal surgeon and pelvic floor specialist, who not only provides expertise in surgical and non-surgical interventions but also understands the unique aspects of women’s health. Inclusive care for women ensures that the treatment plan addresses factors such as hormonal changes, anatomical differences, and the impact of life experiences like pregnancy.
Why Seeing a Female Colorectal Surgeon and Pelvic Floor Specialist Matters
For many women, discussing intimate health concerns with a female specialist may provide a sense of comfort and ease. Female colorectal surgeons offer a compassionate approach to addressing sensitive issues like pelvic floor problems and colorectal cancer, ensuring that women receive the most appropriate and effective care. With a deep understanding of the unique challenges women face in colorectal and pelvic health, female colorectal surgeons and pelvic floor specialists can deliver personalised treatments that improve quality of life and long-term health outcomes.